ADJ
- decisive, dramatic, far-reaching, important, marked, powerful, profound, significant, strong
- marginal, minimal, modest, negligible
- chief, main, major, principal
- full
- The full effects of the new tax have not yet been felt
- apparent, appreciable, detectable, discernible, measurable, noticeable, visible
- likely, possible, potential, predictable, probable
- subtle
- disproportionate
- residual
- adverse, catastrophic, crippling, damaging, debilitating, deleterious, destructive, detrimental, devastating, disastrous, harmful, ill, negative, serious, traumatic, undesirable, unfortunate
- the crippling effect of sanctions on the economy He didn't seem to have suffered any ill effects from his fall
- beneficial, positive, salutary
- the desired
- We had problems with mosquitoes, but this spray had the desired effect
- magical, remarkable
- Giving up smoking had a magical effect on his stamina
- immediate
- direct, indirect
- short-term
- lasting, long-term, permanent
- domino, knock-on, ripple, spin-off
- Any delay in delivery of materials will have a knock-on effect throughout the production process
- practical
- aggregate, combined, cumulative, net, overall
- qualitative, quantitative
- cohesive
- divisive
- deterrent, disincentive
- The deterrent effect of the death penalty has long been questioned. Heavy taxation has a disincentive effect
- calming, hypnotic, soothing, soporific
- curative, restorative, therapeutic
- placebo
- inflationary
- corrosive
- greenhouse
- policies to reduce emissions of gases which cause the greenhouse effect
VERB + EFFECT
- bring about, exert, have, produce
- The drug exerts a powerful effect on the brain
- take
- The medicine started to take effect after a few minutes
- feel, experience, suffer (from)
- Women feel the effects of alcohol more quickly than men
- recover from
- observe
- show
- assess, determine, estimate, examine, measure, study
- ameliorate, cushion, lessen, minimize, mitigate, reduce, soften
- to minimize the effects of economic change
- cancel out
- counter, counteract, offset
- compound, magnify, maximize
- avoid
- aim at
- That is precisely the effect I was aiming at
- be worried about, fear
- underestimate
- ignore
EFFECT + VERB
- spread
- last
- wear off
- How soon will the effects of the drug wear off?
PREP
- in ~
- The border closure meant, in effect, that no trade took place between the countries
- to this/that ~
- They told us to go away, or words to that effect
- with … ~
- The plague struck London again with devastating effect
- ~ on/upon
- The dry weather had an adverse effect on the potato crops
PHRASES
- cause and effect
- key historical concepts such as cause and effect
- to little/ no effect
- The air-conditioning came on, to little effect
VERB + EFFECT
- come into
- The new regulations come into effect next month
- bring sth into, put sth into
- The recommendations will soon be put into effect
PREP
- in ~
- Some laws from the eighteenth century are still in effect
- with ~
- The bank has cut interest rates with immediate effect
ADJ
- dramatic, startling, striking, stunning
- maximum, optimum
- the desired
- I found that by adding white I could achieve the desired effect
- overall
- The overall effect of the painting is overwhelming
VERB + EFFECT
- give (sth), have
- The stage lighting gives the effect of a moonlit scene
- achieve, create
- enhance, heighten
- The dramatic effect was heightened by her black dress and dead white face
- mar, spoil
PREP
- for … ~
- ' You know why I'm here? ' Doug paused for maximum effect
- to … ~
- She uses animal sounds to startling effect in her music
ADJ
- special
- cinematic
- audio, sound
- optical, visual
- lighting
- elaborate
- digital